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Economía

Mié, 2009-04-15 00:36

Industrial Tree Plantations in the World Paper Economy

By1991, the proportion of hardwood to total chips had increased to65 per cent, and by 1993 to 73 per cent (Graham 1994, JATAN 1993,Penna 1994, Marchak 1992, UN 1994, Japan Paper Association 1994,Lamb 1992). Historically, Japanese companies have tended to keep their pulpand bulk-grade paper mills close to home.

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:32

Industrial Tree Plantations in the World Paper Economy

The biggest South-North flow of raw fibre is that of wood chipsfrom Chile to Japan, and the largest South-North flow of pulp fromBrazil to the US. The biggest North-South pulp trade, meanwhile,is from the US to South Korea, China and Mexico and the biggestNorth-South paper trade from the US to China (IIED 1995).

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:30

Industrial Tree Plantations in the World Paper Economy

The Canadian gi ant Avenor, meanwhile, received state subsidies to open an idled mill (Penna 19 94; FT 9.2.95, 17.2.95; TN 5.1994; Olsson 1995). Exacerbating the industry's chronic tendency toward overinvestment and periodic overcapacity is the zeal of many national bureaucracies _ and some of their co nsultant advisers _ in promoting pulpwood or pulp as a foreign-exchange earner.

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:27

Industrial Tree Plantations in the World Paper Economy

Sanitary products such as toilet paper, tissues, napkins, and sanitary towels r equire that resin acids and other natural wood chemicals which prevent wood fib res from absorbing water be removed. Sulphite pulp made from softwood has been the preferred raw material for most tissue and towels because of its softness. For stronger towels, kraft pulp may be used.

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:26

Industrial Tree Plantations in the World Paper Economy

Thus Chapter 2, which sketches the political dynamics associated with a particularly large-scale, capital-intensive, cyclic industry, attempts to shed light on several questions often suppressed in mainstream discussions of pulp and paper. For example, why did destructive, extensive, highlycentralized plantations arise in the first place? Why do these plantations grow wood?

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:18

ESTRUCTURA ECONOMICA

Otra macromagnitud derivada importante para la Economía Aplicada es el cálculo de la renta disponible por el sector privado, el cual lo destinará a su vez a consumo o ahorro.

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:17

ESTRUCTURA ECONOMICA

La visión global también nos obligaría a considerar las relaciones intersectoriales existentes dentro de la actividad productiva. La demanda o empleos finales de los bienes y servicios producidos. El estudio de la estructura de la demanda distinguiría entre su componente pública y privada; interna y externa y de consumo e inversión.

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:12

HACIENDA PÚBLICA

Los efectos externos son consumos no rivales, esto los hace similares a los bienes públicos pudiendo ser definidos como externalidades puras. Desde un punto de vista conceptual los bienes públicos se pueden diferenciar de las externalidades comunes en que éstas suelen ser la consecuencia no buscada de alguna actividad.

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:11

HACIENDA PÚBLICA

El que con más prontitud y fiabilidad se puede disponer es el referido al Estado, con datos mensuales. Para valorar de forma global la política presupuestaria se usa el saldo de las Administraciones Públicas.

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Mié, 2009-04-15 00:01

Origen del Mundo Contemporáneo

La guerra fría no es una guerra armada, sino por el contrario es una guerra de tipo ideológico y propagandístico.

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